9- A Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia.

Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia.

In this post, we will introduce a solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia, where Ix is lesser than Iy and the product of inertia Ixy is positive.

For a given Area the following data are presented as follows: the moment of inertia Ix is 14 inch4. the moment of inertia about y-axis Iy is 24 inch4. The product of inertia Ixy is 12 inch4.

It is required to determine the principal moment of inertia and the angle alpha that the x-axis makes with the maximum moment of inertia.

Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia-drawing the circle.

For the Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia, We start by drawing two intersecting axes. The horizontal axis represents the value of the moment of inertia. The vertical axis represents the value of the product of inertia, with a positive value pointing up. One unit represents 1 inch4.

We start by locating Point A, which has Ix, Ixy values as(14,12) units and will be located above the axis of inertia by a value of positive Ixy equals 12 units, and apart from the vertical axis Ixy by a distance of (14) units.

Similarly, we can draw point B, which has a coordinate of (Iy,-Ixy). In units will be (24,-12), for the negative value the point will be below the axis of inertia by 12 units and apart from the vertical axis by the positive value of 24 units. We will join both two points, The line AB will intersect the horizontal axis at point O, which will be the center of the circle.

We can draw the circle by getting the middle point O, which has a coordinate of 0.50*(Ix+Iy), from the given data this value is equal to (14+24)*0.50=19 units.

The radius of the circle is estimated from the equation, R=sqrt ((Iy-Ix)^2+Ixy^2), this is applied since Iy is bigger than Ix. We have Ix=14 inch4.Iy=24 inch4.Ixy=12 inch4. We can use the data to get the radius of Mohr’s circle of inertia, applying the known formula, we can get the radius value equal to 13 inch4. Please refer to the slide image for more details.

To get the maximum value of inertia Imax we can add the value of the radius of the circle to the value of the center point, the maximum value of the moment of inertia is equal to (19+13)=32 units, and the product of inertia is zero, this point is point E.

For the minimum value of inertia, the value will be equal to the (0.50*(Ix+Iy)-R, where R is the radius value.

I minimum is equal to 6 units, the product of inertia is equal to zero, the point of minimum value of inertia is point C.

Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia-direction of principal axes U&V.

To draw the direction of the major axis U in Mohr’s circle of inertia, we will locate point A’, which is the mirror point of Point A. Point A’ has a coordinate of (10,-12) units. we will join point O, with point A’ we will get the direction of the major Axis U.

To draw the direction of the major axis V in Mohr’s circle of inertia, we will locate point B’, which is the mirror point of Point B. Point B’ has a coordinate of (24,+12) units. we will join point O, with point B’ we will get the direction of the major Axis V.

Value of Angle 2φp2 for the Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia

The direction of the principal axis U can be obtained by estimating the tangent value of the angle from that principal axis and the horizontal axis X. The value will be (-Ixy)/(Ix-Iy)/2), which will be adjusted to become (+Ixy/(Iy-Ix)*0.50, since Iy is bigger than Ix.

The equation is written as (+Ixy)/(Iy-Ix)/2).We have Ix=14 units, Iy=24 units, Ixy=12 units, the tan value is (2*(12)/(24-14)=+2.4. The plus sign indicates that this angle is anticlockwise.

This angle is (2φp2) which is equal to 67.38 degrees. For the value of (2φp1), it will be equal to(-180+67.38)=-112.62 degrees, or 112.62 degrees clockwise.

The value of φp2 =0.50*67.38=0.50*112.62=56.31 degrees in the clockwise direction. This is required by the Author as angle α between the maximum moment of inertia and the x-axis.

The directions of U and V for the normal view.

There is a separate slide to show the orientation of both the u and v axes in the normal view, construct a line between points C and A’ will give The U direction in the normal view while drawing a line between points C and B’ will give the direction of V axis in the normal view.φp2 =33.69 degrees, φp1 =56.31 degrees in the clockwise direction. the sum of the two angles is 90 degrees.

Solved problem-case-2-Mohr’s circle of inertia using general expression.

We can use the general expression for Ix’ to check the value of Imax, provided that when the angle 2θ = (2φp1), which is (-112.62 degrees ), Ix’ value will be equal to Imax. We plug in with Ix value=14 inch4,Iy value=24 inch4 and Ixy=12 inch4.

The value of Ix’=32 inch4 is the same as Imax estimated by the use of Mohr’s circle.

We can use the general expression for Iy’ to check the value of Imin, provided that when the angle 2θ = (2φp1), which is (-112.62 degrees ), Iy’ value will be equal to Imin. We plug in with Ix value=14 inch4,Iy value=24 inch4, and Ixy=12 inch4.

The value of Iy’=6.0 inch4 is the same as Imin estimated by the use of Mohr’s circle.

It is important to check that the sum of Ix and Iy, will be the same value of the sum of Iu and Iv, where Iu is the maximum value of inertia, While Iv is the minimum value of inertia. Ix+Iy=14+24=38 inch4. imin+Imax=6+32=38 inch4.

Oriented datums to let x-direction as a horizontal axis.

To let the x-axis as horizontal Mohr’s circle of inertia, the x-axis is represented by line OE. The datums of Ix&Ixy are adjusted to represent the direction of U.

Line OE represents the x-direction concerning two new datums which are shown in the next slide image. Line OC represents the Y-direction concerning two new datums. The full data that cover our Solved problem case-1-Mohr’s circle of inertia is included in the slide image.

In the next post, we will solve a problem that covers Mohr’s circle of inertia-third case.

This is a link to a useful external resource. Calculator for Cross Section, Mass, Axial & Polar Area Moment of Inertia and Section Modulus.